EIP-7549 Saved 23 KB Per Block. The Gas Limit Took It All Back.
When Pectra activated on May 7, 2025, it quietly did something nobody was talking about: it cut the consensus-layer overhead in every beacon block by 66%. Attestations shrank from ~35 KB to ~12 KB per block overnight. Clean. Measurable. Effective.
Two months later, the gas limit increase to 45M erased the entire saving. By November, when the limit hit 60M, blocks were 40% larger than they'd ever been.
The optimization worked perfectly. It just didn't matter.